What it is
CVE-2019-19825 is an unauthenticated vulnerability affecting TOTOLINK Realtek SDK based routers. On certain TOTOLINK Realtek SDK based routers, the CAPTCHA text can be retrieved via an {"topicurl":"setting/getSanvas"}...
Vulnerability report
Exploited in the wild
High confidence
Not in CISA KEV
CVE-2019-19825
Realtek SDK based routers
TOTOLINK / Realtek SDK based routers
- Severity
- CVSS 9.8 · Critical
- Confidence
- High
- Exploit status
- Exploited in the wild
- EPSS
- 29.6%
- First observed
- —
- Last observed
- —
Decision summary
What security teams need to know first
Direct answers before the deeper technical record.
Is it exploited?
Yes. KEV Intelligence tracks this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability. Confidence is high.
Who is affected?
TOTOLINK / Realtek SDK based routers.
What should we do?
Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.
Overview
Realtek SDK based routers
On certain TOTOLINK Realtek SDK based routers, the CAPTCHA text can be retrieved via an {"topicurl":"setting/getSanvas"} POST to the boafrm/formLogin URI, leading to a CAPTCHA bypass. (Also, the CAPTCHA text is not needed once the attacker has determined valid credentials.
The attacker can perform router actions via HTTP requests with Basic Authentication.) This affects A3002RU through 2.0.0, A702R through 2.1.3, N301RT through 2.1.6, N302R through 3.4.0, N300RT through 3.4.0, N200RE through 4.0.0, N150RT through 3.4.0, and N100RE through 3.4.0.
- Published
- 27 Jan 2020
- Exploitation Reported
- 27 Nov 2025
- Attack vector
- Remote
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- None
Tags
nuclei_scanner
CVE References
- CVE Record CVE.org · CVE Record https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2019-19825
- 20200124 Multiple vulnerabilities in TOTOLINK and other Realtek SDK based routers seclists.org · Mailing List http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Jan/36
- 20200131 Re: Multiple vulnerabilities in TOTOLINK and other Realtek SDK based routers seclists.org · Mailing List http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Jan/38
- sploit.tech sploit.tech · CVE Record https://sploit.tech
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/156083/Realtek-SDK-Information-Disclos... packetstormsecurity.com · CVE Record http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156083/Realtek-SDK-Information-D...
Exploitation evidence
Why KEV Intelligence marks this CVE as exploited
Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.
Exploited in the wild
The Shadowserver
Independent exploitation attestation added to the KEV Intelligence record.
Proof of concept available
Nuclei Templates
Public scanner or PoC coverage increases practical exploitability.
Known exploited vulnerability sources
Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the KEV Intelligence Pro API.
Learn about Pro API access| Source | Added |
|---|---|
| The Shadowserver First | 2025-11-27 00:00 UTC |
Detection
Operational artifacts and observed signals
Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.
Observed signals
- Request targets
- 0
- User-Agents
- 0
Raw values available in Pro and Enterprise.
Scanner coverage
Nuclei template detected 01 Jun 2026.
View Nuclei template (opens in new tab)Virtual patch status
No KEV Intelligence virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.
Learn about virtual patches →Scanner Artifacts
Scanner and exploit-framework references linked to this CVE.
| Scanner | Reference | Detected |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei | https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2019/CVE-2019-19825.yaml | 01 Jun 2026 |
Risk and context
Severity, weaknesses, and research context
CVSS v3.1
9.8
Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
29.6%
Weaknesses
All CVSS Scores
CVSS v3.1
9.8
Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v2.0
7.5
High
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Potential Proof of Concepts
These PoCs are unverified and could contain malware. Use at your own risk.
TOTOLINK/Realtek Routers - CAPTCHA Bypass
nuclei · Created Unknown
Timeline
From disclosure to observed exploitation
-
Public PoC available
Public proof-of-concept code published
-
Nuclei template available
Scanner coverage available
-
Added to KEV Intelligence KEV Feed
High-confidence, third-party attested exploitation
-
CVE published
Vulnerability disclosed publicly
-
CVE ID reserved
Identifier reserved by the CNA
Pro API
Automate this intelligence
Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.
- Evidence confidence and provenance
- First-party sensor telemetry
- PoC and scanner references
- Affected versions and enrichment
- Automation-ready JSON delivery
GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2019-19825
Free JSON includes basic KEV fields{
"cve_id": "CVE-2019-19825",
"confidence": "High",
"cvss_score": 9.8,
"cvss_estimated": false,
"epss_score": 0.29557,
"exploit_status": {
"exploited_in_the_wild": true,
"active_exploitation_observed": false
},
"sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 0, "sensors": 0 }
}Early warning alerts
Get alerts on high-impact exploitation
Receive curator-selected alerts when exploitation activity warrants attention. Each alert includes the evidence and context needed to decide what requires attention now.