KEV Intelligence

Vulnerability report

Exploited in the wild Confirmed confidence In CISA KEV

CVE-2025-32433

otp Remote Code Execution

erlang / otp · >= OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3

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Severity
CVSS 10.0 · Critical
Confidence
Confirmed
Exploit status
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
98.6%
First observed
—
Last observed
—

Decision summary

What security teams need to know first

Direct answers before the deeper technical record.

What it is

CVE-2025-32433 is an unauthenticated vulnerability affecting erlang otp. Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH...

Is it exploited?

Yes. KEV Intelligence tracks this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability. Confidence is confirmed.

Who is affected?

erlang / otp >= otp-27.0-rc1, < otp-27.3.3.

What should we do?

Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.

Overview

Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language

Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials.

This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.

Vendor Product Affected Status
erlang otp >= OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3 Affected
erlang otp >= OTP-26.0-rc1, < OTP-26.2.5.11 Affected
erlang otp Before OTP-25.3.2.20 Affected
Published
16 Apr 2025
Exploitation Reported
01 Jun 2026
Attack vector
Remote
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None

Tags

cisa

CVE References

Exploitation evidence

Why KEV Intelligence marks this CVE as exploited

Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.

Exploited in the wild

CISA

Recorded 01 Jun 2026

Independent exploitation attestation added to the KEV Intelligence record.

Known exploited vulnerability sources

Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the KEV Intelligence Pro API.

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Source Added
CVE First 2026-06-01 10:32 UTC
CISA 2026-06-02 14:07 UTC

Detection

Operational artifacts and observed signals

Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.

Observed signals

Request targets
0
User-Agents
0

Raw values available in Pro and Enterprise.

Virtual patch status

No KEV Intelligence virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.

Learn about virtual patches →

Scanner Artifacts

Scanner and exploit-framework references linked to this CVE.

Scanner Reference Detected
Metasploit https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/ssh/ssh_erlangotp_rce.rb 09 Jun 2025

Risk and context

Severity, weaknesses, and research context

CVSS v3.1

10.0 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS

98.6%

Weaknesses

Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306

Recent mention · Tenable Blog

Reducing Remediation Time Remains a Challenge: How Tenable Vulnerability Watch Can Help

Timely vulnerability remediation is an ongoing challenge for organizations as they struggle to prioritize the exposures that represent the greatest risk to their operations. Existing scoring systems are invaluable but can lack context. Here’s how Tenable’s Vulnerability Watch...

Read full advisory

All Mentions

Recent mention · Tenable Blog

Reducing Remediation Time Remains a Challenge: How Tenable Vulnerability Watch Can Help

Tenable Blog · 25 Apr 2025

Timely vulnerability remediation is an ongoing challenge for organizations as they struggle to prioritize the exposures that represent the greatest risk to their operations. Existing scoring systems are invaluable but can lack context. Here’s how Tenable’s Vulnerability Watch classification system can help.BackgroundOver the past six years working in Tenable’s research organization, I’ve watched known vulnerabilities and zero-day flaws plague organizations in the immediate aftermath of disclosure or even years afterwards. Following each blog post or threat report we’ve published, I kept...

Recent mention · Cisco Security Advisory

Multiple Cisco Products Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in Erlang/OTP SSH Server: April 2025

Cisco Security Advisory · 25 Apr 2025

On April 16, 2025, a critical vulnerability in the Erlang/OTP SSH server was disclosed. This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform remote code execution (RCE) on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to a flaw in the handling of SSH messages during the authentication phase. For a description of this vulnerability, see the Erlang announcement. This advisory will be updated as additional information becomes available. This advisory is available at the following...

Recent mention · Horizon3.ai Attack Research

CVE-2025-32433

Horizon3.ai Attack Research · 21 Apr 2025

Full RCE Vulnerability in Erlang/OTP

Timeline

From disclosure to observed exploitation

  1. Added to CISA KEV

    Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

  2. Added to KEV Intelligence KEV Feed

    High-confidence, third-party attested exploitation

  3. Metasploit module available

    Exploit module available

  4. CVE published

    Vulnerability disclosed publicly

  5. CVE ID reserved

    Identifier reserved by the CNA

Pro API

Automate this intelligence

Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.

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  • Evidence confidence and provenance
  • First-party sensor telemetry
  • PoC and scanner references
  • Affected versions and enrichment
  • Automation-ready JSON delivery

GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2025-32433

Free JSON includes basic KEV fields 
{
  "cve_id": "CVE-2025-32433",
  "confidence": "Confirmed",
  "cvss_score": 10.0,
  "cvss_estimated": false,
  "epss_score": 0.98594,
  "exploit_status": {
    "exploited_in_the_wild": true,
    "active_exploitation_observed": false
  },
  "sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 0, "sensors": 0 }
}

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