What it is
CVE-2025-54782 is an unauthenticated vulnerability affecting nestjs nest. Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE)...
Vulnerability report
Exploited in the wild
High confidence
Not in CISA KEV
CVE-2025-54782
nest Remote Code Execution
nestjs / nest · affected before 0.2.1
- Severity
- CVSS 9.4 · Critical
- Confidence
- High
- Exploit status
- Exploited in the wild
- EPSS
- 48.3%
- First observed
- —
- Last observed
- —
Decision summary
What security teams need to know first
Direct answers before the deeper technical record.
Is it exploited?
Yes. KEV Intelligence tracks this CVE as a known exploited vulnerability. Confidence is high.
Who is affected?
nestjs / nest affected before 0.2.1.
What should we do?
Prioritize remediation. Validate affected assets and apply vendor fixes on an accelerated timeline.
Overview
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine.
The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.
Vendor
Product
Affected
Status
nestjs
nest
Before 0.2.1
Affected
- Published
- 01 Aug 2025
- Exploitation Reported
- 18 Sep 2025
- Attack vector
- Adjacent
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- None
Tags
nuclei_scanner
CVE References
- CVE Record CVE.org · CVE Record https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-54782
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7 github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-integration github.com · CVE Record https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-i...
- https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html nodejs.org · CVE Record https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html
- https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln socket.dev · CVE Record https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln
Exploitation evidence
Why KEV Intelligence marks this CVE as exploited
Third-party attestation and first-party sensor observation are shown separately so teams can judge the evidence chain.
Exploited in the wild
The Shadowserver
Independent exploitation attestation added to the KEV Intelligence record.
Proof of concept available
Nuclei Templates
Public scanner or PoC coverage increases practical exploitability.
Known exploited vulnerability sources
Per-source evidence links for KEV attestations are available through the KEV Intelligence Pro API.
Learn about Pro API access| Source | Added |
|---|---|
| The Shadowserver First | 2025-09-18 00:00 UTC |
Detection
Operational artifacts and observed signals
Make the evidence actionable in scanner, SOC, and edge-control workflows.
Observed signals
- Request targets
- 0
- User-Agents
- 0
Raw values available in Pro and Enterprise.
Scanner coverage
Nuclei template detected 01 Jun 2026.
View Nuclei template (opens in new tab)Virtual patch status
No KEV Intelligence virtual patch is currently available. Future rules ship for ModSecurity, Cloudflare, and AWS WAF.
Learn about virtual patches →Scanner Artifacts
Scanner and exploit-framework references linked to this CVE.
| Scanner | Reference | Detected |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei | https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-54782.yaml | 01 Jun 2026 |
Risk and context
Severity, weaknesses, and research context
CVSS v4.0
9.4
Critical
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
EPSS
48.3%
Potential Proof of Concepts
These PoCs are unverified and could contain malware. Use at your own risk.
NestJS DevTools Integration - Remote Code Execution
nuclei · Created Unknown
Timeline
From disclosure to observed exploitation
-
Public PoC available
Public proof-of-concept code published
-
Nuclei template available
Scanner coverage available
-
Added to KEV Intelligence KEV Feed
High-confidence, third-party attested exploitation
-
CVE published
Vulnerability disclosed publicly
-
CVE ID reserved
Identifier reserved by the CNA
Pro API
Automate this intelligence
Confidence, exploit status, sensor telemetry, PoCs, scanner integrations, mentions, and tags are available programmatically for VM, SOC, and CTI workflows.
- Evidence confidence and provenance
- First-party sensor telemetry
- PoC and scanner references
- Affected versions and enrichment
- Automation-ready JSON delivery
GET /api/v2/pro/kevs/CVE-2025-54782
Free JSON includes basic KEV fields{
"cve_id": "CVE-2025-54782",
"confidence": "High",
"cvss_score": 9.4,
"cvss_estimated": false,
"epss_score": 0.48336,
"exploit_status": {
"exploited_in_the_wild": true,
"active_exploitation_observed": false
},
"sensor_telemetry": { "attempts": 0, "sensors": 0 }
}Early warning alerts
Get alerts on high-impact exploitation
Receive curator-selected alerts when exploitation activity warrants attention. Each alert includes the evidence and context needed to decide what requires attention now.